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June 16, 2015

Libya
Libya's Escalating Civil War

The potential chaos highlighted by a 2011 Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) Contingency Planning Memorandum, "Post-Qaddafi Instability in Libya," has come to fruition. Libya today is in the midst of…

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Contingency Planning Memorandum by Daniel P. Serwer Center for Preventive Action

June 14, 2019

Venezuela
Stabilizing Venezuela: Scenarios and Options

The Venezuelan crisis threatens the interests and security of the United States and Venezuela's neighbors. The United States and regional partners need to provide humanitarian relief and security assistance and accelerate change to a post-Maduro democracy.

An opposition demonstrator walks near a bus in flames during clashes with soldiers loyal to Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro in the surroundings of La Carlota military base in Caracas on April 30, 2019.
Contingency Planning Memorandum by Frank O. Mora Center for Preventive Action

June 15, 2017

Zimbabwe
The Day After in Zimbabwe

A 2015 CFR Contingency Planning Memorandum (CPM), “Political Instability in Zimbabwe,” highlighted the potential for violence in connection with leadership succession. The remarkable longevity of Rob…

Zimbabwe protest Mugabe
Contingency Planning Memorandum by George F. Ward Center for Preventive Action

October 9, 2015

Ukraine
Crisis Over Ukraine

In early 2014, Russia began supporting armed separatist forces in the eastern—predominantly Russian-speaking—part of Ukraine. Subsequent fighting was halted in September 2015 by a cease-fire agreemen…

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Contingency Planning Memorandum by Steven Pifer Center for Preventive Action

March 10, 2016

Jordan
Growing Stress on Jordan

In 2013, the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) Contingency Planning Memorandum "Political Instability in Jordan" warned that the biggest threat to the stability of the Hashemite Kingdom stemmed from…

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Contingency Planning Memorandum by Robert Satloff and David Schenker Center for Preventive Action